{"id":18249,"date":"2022-03-09T19:02:09","date_gmt":"2022-03-09T15:02:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/rubin.az\/?p=18249"},"modified":"2022-03-09T19:02:09","modified_gmt":"2022-03-09T15:02:09","slug":"rusiya-borclarini-od%c9%99y%c9%99-bilm%c9%99y%c9%99c%c9%99k","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rubin.az\/?p=18249","title":{"rendered":"Rusiya borclar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6d\u0259y\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;Fitch&#8221; reytinq agentliyi Rusiyan\u0131n reytinqini defoltdan bir pill\u0259 \u0259vv\u0259l g\u0259l\u0259n &#8220;C&#8221; s\u0259viyy\u0259sin\u0259 endirib. Agentliyin m\u0259lumat\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259nin defoltu qa\u00e7\u0131lmazd\u0131r.\u00a0Defolt, bir \u00f6lk\u0259nin \u00f6z borclar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6d\u0259y\u0259 bilm\u0259m\u0259si v\u0259 ya ondan imtina etm\u0259sidir. Rusiya 1998-ci ild\u0259 art\u0131q defolt oldu\u011funu elan edib.\u00a0Bundan \u0259vv\u0259l bir ne\u00e7\u0259 il \u0259rzind\u0259 Rusiya f\u0259al \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 q\u0131sam\u00fcdd\u0259tli d\u00f6vl\u0259t istiqrazlar\u0131n\u0131n (QD\u0130) burax\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irirdi. H\u00f6kum\u0259t bu borclar\u0131 \u00f6d\u0259y\u0259 bilm\u0259dikd\u0259n sonra, birt\u0259r\u0259fli qaydada \u00f6z qiym\u0259tli ka\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n restrukturizasiyas\u0131n\u0131 elan etdi. Bu b\u00f6hran \u00e7oxlar\u0131n\u0131n yadda\u015f\u0131na h\u0259kk olundu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1998-ci ilin avqust ay\u0131nda rubl k\u0259skin devalvasiyaya u\u011frad\u0131. Maliyy\u0259 bazarlar\u0131nda t\u0259\u015fvi\u015f yarand\u0131, qiym\u0259tl\u0259r qalxd\u0131 v\u0259 bunun ard\u0131nca bir ne\u00e7\u0259 bank m\u00fcflis oldu. Ma\u011faza i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259ri o vaxtlar qiym\u0259t yarl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 saatdan bir d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259li oldu\u011funu yada sal\u0131rlar, \u00e7\u00fcnki rublun ucuzla\u015fmas\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 onlara daim d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259k laz\u0131m g\u0259lirdi.\u00a0T\u0259\u015fvi\u015f i\u00e7ind\u0259 olan insanlar rast g\u0259ldiyi b\u00fct\u00fcn mallar\u0131 al\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.virtualaz.org\/399340_src.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Bu d\u0259f\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259t bir q\u0259d\u0259r f\u0259rqlidir. Fitch yaz\u0131r ki, defolt indi qa\u00e7\u0131lmazd\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnki agentliyin fikrinc\u0259, d\u00f6vl\u0259tin \u00f6z borcunu \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259k \u0259zmi getdikc\u0259 azalmaqdad\u0131r.\u00a0Agentlik Prezidentin f\u0259rman\u0131na v\u0259 M\u0259rk\u0259zi Bank\u0131n \u0259cn\u0259bil\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qiym\u0259tli ka\u011f\u0131zlar \u00fczr\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u00f6d\u0259ni\u015fl\u0259ri m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131ran b\u0259yanatlar\u0131na istinad edir.\u00a0Agentlik hesab edir ki, Rusiya AB\u015e v\u0259 A\u0130 \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rinin \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259 ax\u015fam\u0131 elan etdiyi sanksiyalar\u0131na &#8220;siyasi cavab&#8221; verm\u0259kl\u0259 \u00f6z \u00f6hd\u0259likl\u0259rinin bir hiss\u0259sini \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259kd\u0259n imtina ed\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n<p>Mart\u0131n 6-da daha bir agentlik &#8211; Moody&#8217;s Rusiyan\u0131n defolt riski il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 x\u0259b\u0259rdarl\u0131q edib. Agentlik reytinqi &#8220;C&#8221; s\u0259viyy\u0259sin\u0259 endirib, bu da defoltdan \u0259vv\u0259lki s\u0259viyy\u0259dir. Agentliyin izahatlar\u0131 Fitch-in m\u00f6vqeyi il\u0259 \u00fcst-\u00fcst\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr &#8211; \u00f6lk\u0259 kapital\u0131n h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tini v\u0259 \u0259cn\u0259bil\u0259r\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u00f6d\u0259ni\u015fl\u0259ri m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r.\u00a0Agentlik Rusiyan\u0131n \u00f6z \u00f6hd\u0259likl\u0259rini \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259k &#8220;ist\u0259diyin\u0259 v\u0259 buna qadir oldu\u011funa&#8221; \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259 edir.\u00a01998-ci ill\u0259 indiki v\u0259ziyy\u0259t aras\u0131ndak\u0131 \u0259sas f\u0259rq b\u00f6hran\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rind\u0259dir.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>1998-ci ilin defoltunu bir \u00e7ox iqtisad\u00e7\u0131lar haz\u0131rk\u0131 hakimiyy\u0259tin &#8220;s\u0259hvi&#8221; adland\u0131r\u0131rlar. Onda iqtisadiyyat qeyri-sabit idi, h\u00f6kum\u0259t \u00e7ox aktiv \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 borca girirdi v\u0259 daim yaranan b\u00f6hranlar\u0131n \u00f6hd\u0259sind\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259 bilmirdi.\u00a0Bu t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259d\u0259n sonra h\u00f6kum\u0259tin iqtisadi bloku uzun ill\u0259r \u0259rzind\u0259 s\u0259rt maliyy\u0259 siyas\u0259ti apar\u0131b, g\u0259lirl\u0259rin \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli hiss\u0259si k\u0259nara qoyulub v\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t borcunun ciddi d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 artmas\u0131na imkan verilm\u0259yib.\u00a0H\u00f6kum\u0259t bu siyas\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 ciddi t\u0259nqid olunurdu. \u00c7\u00fcnki hesab olunurdu ki, o, iqtisadiyyat\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r pul ay\u0131rm\u0131r. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 Rusiyan\u0131n \u0259lind\u0259 kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r b\u00f6y\u00fck ehtiyatlar c\u0259ml\u0259\u015fdi.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.virtualaz.org\/399341_src.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Fevral\u0131n 1-n\u0259 olan m\u0259lumata g\u00f6r\u0259, Milli Rifah Fondunda az qala 175 milyard dollar var idi. Reytinq agentlikl\u0259ri v\u0259 analitikl\u0259r hesab edirdil\u0259r ki, bu ehtiyatlar Rusiyan\u0131n &#8220;yast\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r&#8221; v\u0259 onun say\u0259sind\u0259 iqtisadiyyat\u0131n sabitliyi t\u0259min edil\u0259c\u0259k.\u00a01990-c\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 iqtisadi t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik v\u0259 sabitliy\u0259 aid olan he\u00e7 bir &#8220;yast\u0131qdan&#8221; s\u00f6hb\u0259t getmirdi. Lakin indi bel\u0259 m\u0259lum olur ki, bu q\u0259na\u0259tl\u0259r maliyy\u0259 sabitliyin\u0259 z\u0259man\u0259t vermir.\u00a0Rusiya defoltunun indiki v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti ciddi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259yi m\u00fcbahis\u0259 m\u00f6vzusudur. Rubl art\u0131q kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r k\u0259skin ucuzla\u015f\u0131b. Onun m\u0259z\u0259nn\u0259sini valyuta m\u00fcdaxil\u0259l\u0259rinin k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 saxlama\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. \u018fvv\u0259lc\u0259 bu, M\u0259rk\u0259zi Bank\u0131n hesab\u0131na edilirdi. Onun aktivl\u0259ri dondurulduqdan sonra is\u0259 ixracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n qazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 valyuta sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131ndan istifad\u0259 olunma\u011fa ba\u015flan\u0131l\u0131b.\u00a0Xarici investorlar Ukrayna il\u0259 m\u00fcharib\u0259 v\u0259 sanksiyalara g\u00f6r\u0259 Rusiya bazar\u0131n\u0131 \u0259sas\u0259n t\u0259rk edibl\u0259r. Beyn\u0259lxalq investorlar aras\u0131nda Rusiya iqtisadiyyat\u0131 v\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259tin\u0259 inam sars\u0131l\u0131b. (BBC)<\/p>\n<p>virtualaz.org<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;Fitch&#8221; reytinq agentliyi Rusiyan\u0131n reytinqini defoltdan bir pill\u0259 \u0259vv\u0259l g\u0259l\u0259n &#8220;C&#8221; s\u0259viyy\u0259sin\u0259 endirib. Agentliyin m\u0259lumat\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259nin defoltu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":18250,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18249","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dunya","category-iqtisadiyyat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rubin.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18249","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rubin.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rubin.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rubin.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rubin.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18249"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/rubin.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18249\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18251,"href":"https:\/\/rubin.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18249\/revisions\/18251"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rubin.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/18250"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rubin.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18249"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rubin.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18249"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rubin.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18249"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}